Matthew Overview

Thursday Evening Bible Study

August 2, 2007

Chapters 1-4 Early Days

The fulfillment of prophecy – One of Matthew’s intentions seems to be to let you and I know that Jesus was not some guy that showed up and accidentally took center stage.  Jesus was the Promised One.  His coming was spoken of by the ancient prophets.  I counted seven references in these first four chapters to fulfilled prophecy.

Mat. 1: Genealogy & Birth

We are given Joseph’s genealogy that goes from Abraham to David, through the kings, through the Babylonian captivity, to Jesus’ step-dad, Joseph.  The genealogy isn’t a detailed one that lists every generation, but gives an overview of these generations.

The record of Jesus’ birth from Joseph’s perspective.

Mat. 2: Wise men, Egypt, Nazareth

The wise men showed up and Herod became paranoid that he was going to lose his kingdom.  Jesus’ family flees to Egypt while Herod is killing babies.  After Herod’s death, the family settles into the northern town of Nazareth.

Mat. 3:  John baptizes Jesus

John the Baptist appears on the historical stage.  His job is to get people ready to meet the Messiah.  When the Messiah shows up, Jesus asks John to baptize Him.  The Spirit falls on Jesus and the Father speaks.

Mat. 4:  Temptation, ministry begins

Jesus is in the wilderness fasting.  He is tempted by Satan.  Jesus begins His ministry in Galilee.  Jesus’ first public statement is exactly like John’s message:  “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand”.  Jesus calls some fishermen and begins to minister to multitudes.  This is the first time we meet Simon Peter:

(Mat 4:18-20 NKJV)  And Jesus, walking by the Sea of Galilee, saw two brothers, Simon called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea; for they were fishermen. {19} Then He said to them, "Follow Me, and I will make you fishers of men." {20} They immediately left their nets and followed Him.

Chapters 5-20 Galilee Ministry

We know from the gospel of John that Jesus actually went back and forth from Galilee to Jerusalem several times during his three year ministry.  Matthew simply organizes Jesus’ ministry into the Galilee Ministry (chs. 5-20) and the Jerusalem Ministry (chs. 21-28).  The first three chapters are the “Sermon on the Mount”.

Mat. 5: S.O.M. - New ideas

Jesus talks about true blessings.  He says we are salt and light.  Over and over Jesus says, “You have heard it said”.  He then presents the correct view on the subjects of murder, adultery, divorce, oaths, loving others.

Mat. 6: S.O.M. - Prayer, worry

Jesus teaches on giving and prayer, and not to do things seen by men, but by God.  He teaches about what true riches are, and about anxiety.

Let’s read this middle chapter of the Sermon.  Circle or underline the verses in the sermon that hit home to you tonight.

(Mat 6 NKJV)  "Take heed that you do not do your charitable deeds before men, to be seen by them. Otherwise you have no reward from your Father in heaven. {2} "Therefore, when you do a charitable deed, do not sound a trumpet before you as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may have glory from men. Assuredly, I say to you, they have their reward. {3} "But when you do a charitable deed, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing, {4} "that your charitable deed may be in secret; and your Father who sees in secret will Himself reward you openly. {5} "And when you pray, you shall not be like the hypocrites. For they love to pray standing in the synagogues and on the corners of the streets, that they may be seen by men. Assuredly, I say to you, they have their reward. {6} "But you, when you pray, go into your room, and when you have shut your door, pray to your Father who is in the secret place; and your Father who sees in secret will reward you openly. {7} "And when you pray, do not use vain repetitions as the heathen do. For they think that they will be heard for their many words. {8} "Therefore do not be like them. For your Father knows the things you have need of before you ask Him. {9} "In this manner, therefore, pray: Our Father in heaven, Hallowed be Your name. {10} Your kingdom come. Your will be done On earth as it is in heaven. {11} Give us this day our daily bread. {12} And forgive us our debts, As we forgive our debtors. {13} And do not lead us into temptation, But deliver us from the evil one. For Yours is the kingdom and the power and the glory forever. Amen. {14} "For if you forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. {15} "But if you do not forgive men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses. {16} "Moreover, when you fast, do not be like the hypocrites, with a sad countenance. For they disfigure their faces that they may appear to men to be fasting. Assuredly, I say to you, they have their reward. {17} "But you, when you fast, anoint your head and wash your face, {18} "so that you do not appear to men to be fasting, but to your Father who is in the secret place; and your Father who sees in secret will reward you openly. {19} "Do not lay up for yourselves treasures on earth, where moth and rust destroy and where thieves break in and steal; {20} "but lay up for yourselves treasures in heaven, where neither moth nor rust destroys and where thieves do not break in and steal. {21} "For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also. {22} "The lamp of the body is the eye. If therefore your eye is good, your whole body will be full of light. {23} "But if your eye is bad, your whole body will be full of darkness. If therefore the light that is in you is darkness, how great is that darkness! {24} "No one can serve two masters; for either he will hate the one and love the other, or else he will be loyal to the one and despise the other. You cannot serve God and mammon. {25} "Therefore I say to you, do not worry about your life, what you will eat or what you will drink; nor about your body, what you will put on. Is not life more than food and the body more than clothing? {26} "Look at the birds of the air, for they neither sow nor reap nor gather into barns; yet your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not of more value than they? {27} "Which of you by worrying can add one cubit to his stature? {28} "So why do you worry about clothing? Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow: they neither toil nor spin; {29} "and yet I say to you that even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. {30} "Now if God so clothes the grass of the field, which today is, and tomorrow is thrown into the oven, will He not much more clothe you, O you of little faith? {31} "Therefore do not worry, saying, 'What shall we eat?' or 'What shall we drink?' or 'What shall we wear?' {32} "For after all these things the Gentiles seek. For your heavenly Father knows that you need all these things. {33} "But seek first the kingdom of God and His righteousness, and all these things shall be added to you. {34} "Therefore do not worry about tomorrow, for tomorrow will worry about its own things. Sufficient for the day is its own trouble.

Mat. 7: Judging, Seeking, False prophets, Obedience

Jesus warns about judging others.  He encourages people to keep asking God for help.  There will be false prophets.  Obeying Jesus is the safest way to build your life.

Mat. 8: Healing, Storm, Pigs

Jesus heals a leper, a centurion’s servant, Peter’s mother-in-law, and many others. Jesus calms the storm.  He casts out demons and the pigs drown.

Mat. 9: More healings

Jesus heals and forgives a paralytic.  Jesus spends time with sinners like Matthew.  Jesus heals a bloody woman, raises a dead girl, heals blind and deaf people.

(Mat 9:35-38 NKJV)  Then Jesus went about all the cities and villages, teaching in their synagogues, preaching the gospel of the kingdom, and healing every sickness and every disease among the people. {36} But when He saw the multitudes, He was moved with compassion for them, because they were weary and scattered, like sheep having no shepherd. {37} Then He said to His disciples, "The harvest truly is plentiful, but the laborers are few. {38} "Therefore pray the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers into His harvest."

Mat. 10: Sending the Twelve

Jesus picks out twelve men to be His apostles.  This is the next time Peter is singled out by name:

(Mat 10:1-2 NKJV)  And when He had called His twelve disciples to Him, He gave them power over unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal all kinds of sickness and all kinds of disease. {2} Now the names of the twelve apostles are these: first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother…

Jesus sends twelve out on a short “mission trip” with instructions on what to do, who to speak to, and warnings about the difficulties ahead.

Mat. 11:  John wonders, Unbelief rebuked

John the Baptist is in prison and wonders if Jesus is really the one.  Jesus talks about the greatness of John.  Jesus rebukes the cities that wouldn’t respond to His miracles.  He says,

(Mat 11:28-30 NKJV)  "Come to Me, all you who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. {29} "Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. {30} "For My yoke is easy and My burden is light."

Mat. 12: Sabbath problems, Opposition

The disciples are rebuked for eating grain on the Sabbath.  Jesus heals a man on the Sabbath.  The Pharisees are now actively plotting to destroy Jesus.  They accuse Jesus of using demons.  Jesus warns them about blaspheming the Holy Spirit.

Mat. 13: Parables, Nazareth rejection

Jesus teaches using many parables.  He talks about the sower and the soils, the wheat and the tares, the mustard seed, leaven, hidden treasures, and the dragnet.  When Jesus goes to the town of Nazareth, He is rejected.

Mat. 14: John dies, 5,000 fed, Water walking

The story of how John the Baptist was killed by Herod.  Jesus feeds five thousand, then sends the disciples off in a boat.  Jesus shows up in the middle of the night while they are rowing hard in a storm.

(Mat 14:28-33 NKJV)  And Peter answered Him and said, "Lord, if it is You, command me to come to You on the water." {29} So He said, "Come." And when Peter had come down out of the boat, he walked on the water to go to Jesus. {30} But when he saw that the wind was boisterous, he was afraid; and beginning to sink he cried out, saying, "Lord, save me!" {31} And immediately Jesus stretched out His hand and caught him, and said to him, "O you of little faith, why did you doubt?" {32} And when they got into the boat, the wind ceased. {33} Then those who were in the boat came and worshiped Him, saying, "Truly You are the Son of God."

Mat. 15: Defilement, Dog faith, 4,000 fed

Jesus teaches about what really defiles a person – the heart.  Peter has difficulty understanding the concept.

(Mat 15:15-20 NKJV)  Then Peter answered and said to Him, "Explain this parable to us." {16} So Jesus said, "Are you also still without understanding? {17} "Do you not yet understand that whatever enters the mouth goes into the stomach and is eliminated? {18} "But those things which proceed out of the mouth come from the heart, and they defile a man. {19} "For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies. {20} "These are the things which defile a man, but to eat with unwashed hands does not defile a man."

A Gentile woman begs and Jesus heals her daughter.  Jesus feeds another big group, this time 4,000.

Mat. 16: Warning about Pharisees, You are the Christ

Jesus warns His disciples about the teaching of the Pharisees.  When Jesus asks the disciples who they think He is…

(Mat 16:16-19 NKJV)  Simon Peter answered and said, "You are the Christ, the Son of the living God." {17} Jesus answered and said to him, "Blessed are you, Simon Bar-Jonah, for flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but My Father who is in heaven. {18} "And I also say to you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build My church, and the gates of Hades shall not prevail against it. {19} "And I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven."

When Jesus goes on to tell the guys that He is going to die in Jerusalem

(Mat 16:22-24 NKJV)  Then Peter took Him aside and began to rebuke Him, saying, "Far be it from You, Lord; this shall not happen to You!" {23} But He turned and said to Peter, "Get behind Me, Satan! You are an offense to Me, for you are not mindful of the things of God, but the things of men." {24} Then Jesus said to His disciples, "If anyone desires to come after Me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow Me.

Mat. 17: Transfiguration, Difficult demon, taxes

Jesus takes Peter, James, and John up on a high mountain and changes in front of them, transfigured.

(Mat 17:4 NKJV)  Then Peter answered and said to Jesus, "Lord, it is good for us to be here; if You wish, let us make here three tabernacles: one for You, one for Moses, and one for Elijah."

Mark tells us that Peter said that because he didn’t know what else to say. (Mark 9:6)

When they come off the mountain, Jesus is faced with a demon that the other disciples couldn’t cast out of a boy.

(Mat 17:14-21 NKJV)  And when they had come to the multitude, a man came to Him, kneeling down to Him and saying, {15} "Lord, have mercy on my son, for he is an epileptic and suffers severely; for he often falls into the fire and often into the water. {16} "So I brought him to Your disciples, but they could not cure him." {17} Then Jesus answered and said, "O faithless and perverse generation, how long shall I be with you? How long shall I bear with you? Bring him here to Me." {18} And Jesus rebuked the demon, and it came out of him; and the child was cured from that very hour. {19} Then the disciples came to Jesus privately and said, "Why could we not cast it out?" {20} So Jesus said to them, "Because of your unbelief; for assuredly, I say to you, if you have faith as a mustard seed, you will say to this mountain, 'Move from here to there,' and it will move; and nothing will be impossible for you. {21} "However, this kind does not go out except by prayer and fasting."

Then Jesus and Peter encounter the tax collector:

(Mat 17:24-27 NKJV)  When they had come to Capernaum, those who received the temple tax came to Peter and said, "Does your Teacher not pay the temple tax?" {25} He said, "Yes." And when he had come into the house, Jesus anticipated him, saying, "What do you think, Simon? From whom do the kings of the earth take customs or taxes, from their sons or from strangers?" {26} Peter said to Him, "From strangers." Jesus said to him, "Then the sons are free. {27} "Nevertheless, lest we offend them, go to the sea, cast in a hook, and take the fish that comes up first. And when you have opened its mouth, you will find a piece of money; take that and give it to them for Me and you."

Mat. 18: Humility, Forgiveness

Jesus teaches that the greatest is humble.  He teaches we must forgive.

(Mat 18:21-35 NKJV)  Then Peter came to Him and said, "Lord, how often shall my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? Up to seven times?" {22} Jesus said to him, "I do not say to you, up to seven times, but up to seventy times seven. {23} "Therefore the kingdom of heaven is like a certain king who wanted to settle accounts with his servants. {24} "And when he had begun to settle accounts, one was brought to him who owed him ten thousand talents. {25} "But as he was not able to pay, his master commanded that he be sold, with his wife and children and all that he had, and that payment be made. {26} "The servant therefore fell down before him, saying, 'Master, have patience with me, and I will pay you all.' {27} "Then the master of that servant was moved with compassion, released him, and forgave him the debt. {28} "But that servant went out and found one of his fellow servants who owed him a hundred denarii; and he laid hands on him and took him by the throat, saying, 'Pay me what you owe!' {29} "So his fellow servant fell down at his feet and begged him, saying, 'Have patience with me, and I will pay you all.' {30} "And he would not, but went and threw him into prison till he should pay the debt. {31} "So when his fellow servants saw what had been done, they were very grieved, and came and told their master all that had been done. {32} "Then his master, after he had called him, said to him, 'You wicked servant! I forgave you all that debt because you begged me. {33} 'Should you not also have had compassion on your fellow servant, just as I had pity on you?' {34} "And his master was angry, and delivered him to the torturers until he should pay all that was due to him. {35} "So My heavenly Father also will do to you if each of you, from his heart, does not forgive his brother his trespasses."

Mat. 19: Divorce, Rich Young Ruler

Jesus teaches on divorce.  Jesus blesses children.  Jesus tells the rich young ruler to give up everything and follow Him, but the young fellow was reluctant.  Peter spoke up:

(Mat 19:27-28 NKJV)  Then Peter answered and said to Him, "See, we have left all and followed You. Therefore what shall we have?" {28} So Jesus said to them, "Assuredly I say to you, that in the regeneration, when the Son of Man sits on the throne of His glory, you who have followed Me will also sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.

Mat. 20: Same wage, Serving

Jesus tells the parable of the laborers who are all paid the same wage.  He again tells of His upcoming death.  Jesus teaches on serving:

(Mat 20:20-28 NKJV)  Then the mother of Zebedee's sons came to Him with her sons, kneeling down and asking something from Him. {21} And He said to her, "What do you wish?" She said to Him, "Grant that these two sons of mine may sit, one on Your right hand and the other on the left, in Your kingdom." {22} But Jesus answered and said, "You do not know what you ask. Are you able to drink the cup that I am about to drink, and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with?" They said to Him, "We are able." {23} So He said to them, "You will indeed drink My cup, and be baptized with the baptism that I am baptized with; but to sit on My right hand and on My left is not Mine to give, but it is for those for whom it is prepared by My Father." {24} And when the ten heard it, they were greatly displeased with the two brothers. {25} But Jesus called them to Himself and said, "You know that the rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and those who are great exercise authority over them. {26} "Yet it shall not be so among you; but whoever desires to become great among you, let him be your servant. {27} "And whoever desires to be first among you, let him be your slave; {28} "just as the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life a ransom for many."

Jesus heals two blind men in Jericho.

Chapters 21-28 Jerusalem ministry

Mat. 21:  Triumphal Entry, Temple teaching

Jesus makes His triumphal entry into Jerusalem. He cleanses the temple.  He withers a fruitless fig tree.

Jesus teaches in the temple using parables:  The two sons, and the wicked farmers.

Mat. 22: Challenges to Jesus

Jesus tells the parable of the King’s Wedding Feast.  Jesus is challenged by the Pharisees and Sadducees in the Temple about taxes, the resurrection, and the greatest commandment.  Jesus stumps His enemies.

Mat. 23: Woe to Pharisees

Jesus rebukes the legalism of the scribes and Pharisees.

Mat. 24: End Times

Jesus talks about the signs of His Second Coming.  Jesus said,

(Mat 24:36-44 NKJV)  "But of that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, but My Father only. {37} "But as the days of Noah were, so also will the coming of the Son of Man be. {38} "For as in the days before the flood, they were eating and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noah entered the ark, {39} "and did not know until the flood came and took them all away, so also will the coming of the Son of Man be. {40} "Then two men will be in the field: one will be taken and the other left. {41} "Two women will be grinding at the mill: one will be taken and the other left. {42} "Watch therefore, for you do not know what hour your Lord is coming. {43} "But know this, that if the master of the house had known what hour the thief would come, he would have watched and not allowed his house to be broken into. {44} "Therefore you also be ready, for the Son of Man is coming at an hour you do not expect.

Mat. 25: Second Coming

Jesus continues to talk about His Second Coming.  He tells the parable of the ten virgins, the talents, and the Sheep and the goats.

Mat. 26: Anointing, Betrayal, Last Supper, Gethsemane, Trial

Mary anoints Jesus.  Judas begins his betrayal. Jesus celebrates the Passover and institutes communion.  When Jesus warned the disciples that they would all soon flee from Him…

(Mat 26:33-35 NKJV)  Peter answered and said to Him, "Even if all are made to stumble because of You, I will never be made to stumble." {34} Jesus said to him, "Assuredly, I say to you that this night, before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times." {35} Peter said to Him, "Even if I have to die with You, I will not deny You!" And so said all the disciples.

Jesus then went to Gethsemane to pray, taking Peter, James, and John.  After spending some time praying…

(Mat 26:40-41 NKJV)  Then He came to the disciples and found them asleep, and said to Peter, "What? Could you not watch with Me one hour? {41} "Watch and pray, lest you enter into temptation. The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak."

Jesus is arrested in Gethsemane and taken to Caiaphas’ house.

(Mat 26:58 NKJV)  But Peter followed Him at a distance to the high priest's courtyard. And he went in and sat with the servants to see the end.

Jesus is put on trial before the Sanhedrin. Peter is out in the courtyard.  Peter denies Jesus to everyone that comes up to him.

(Mat 26:74-75 NKJV)  Then he began to curse and swear, saying, "I do not know the Man!" Immediately a rooster crowed. {75} And Peter remembered the word of Jesus who had said to him, "Before the rooster crows, you will deny Me three times." So he went out and wept bitterly.

Mat. 27: Condemned, Scourged, Crucified

Judas hangs himself.  Jesus is put on trial before Pilate and is condemned.  Jesus is scourged and then led off to be crucified.  Jesus dies and is buried in the tomb of Joseph of Arimathea.  Pilate orders a guard to be put on the tomb.

Just like the beginning of the book, Matthew begins to pick up again on the idea of fulfilled prophecy.  He wants to make sure the reader understands that Jesus’ death was not an accident but from the beginning had been part of the plan.  I counted seven more references to fulfilled prophecy in these last couple of chapters (there’s probably more):

(Mat 27:35 NKJV)  Then they crucified Him, and divided His garments, casting lots, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet: "They divided My garments among them, And for My clothing they cast lots."

Mat. 28:  Risen, Disciples Commissioned

Jesus rises from the dead and appears first to the women.  The chief priests bribe the guards to say that the disciples stole the body.  Jesus meets the eleven remaining disciples in Galilee.  It’s while they’re in Galilee that Jesus meets up with Peter again, and John records the situation:

(John 21:15-17 NKJV)  So when they had eaten breakfast, Jesus said to Simon Peter, "Simon, son of Jonah, do you love Me more than these?" He said to Him, "Yes, Lord; You know that I love You." He said to him, "Feed My lambs." {16} He said to him again a second time, "Simon, son of Jonah, do you love Me?" He said to Him, "Yes, Lord; You know that I love You." He said to him, "Tend My sheep." {17} He said to him the third time, "Simon, son of Jonah, do you love Me?" Peter was grieved because He said to him the third time, "Do you love Me?" And he said to Him, "Lord, You know all things; You know that I love You." Jesus said to him, "Feed My sheep.

Jesus didn’t abandon Peter because Peter had denied Him.  Jesus sought Peter out.  Jesus still had much work for Peter to do.

Matthew ends with Jesus giving some final orders to His disciples:

(Mat 28:18-20 NKJV)  And Jesus came and spoke to them, saying, "All authority has been given to Me in heaven and on earth. {19} "Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, {20} "teaching them to observe all things that I have commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age." Amen.